Panorama global de la investigación en ciberseguridad (2015–2024): evidencia bibliométrica desde países en desarrollo de América con enfoque en Ecuador
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La ciberseguridad se ha consolidado como un campo estratégico dentro de la investigación científica global, impulsada por el creciente impacto de los riesgos digitales en las economías, las sociedades y los sistemas institucionales. A pesar del crecimiento sostenido en la producción académica, persisten notables desigualdades entre regiones, especialmente entre los países en desarrollo del continente americano. Este trabajo analiza 79 publicaciones indexadas en Scopus para describir cómo se está configurando ese campo: quién investiga, con quién colabora y sobre qué problemas concretos. El análisis se organiza en tres planos. En el nivel internacional se examinan las tendencias de producción, las coautorías y los núcleos temáticos que concentran la mayor parte de las citaciones. A partir de ahí se revisa la contribución de los países en desarrollo de América, poniendo en relación su peso específico con el resto del sistema científico. Finalmente, se profundiza en el caso de Ecuador, donde se revisan sus principales publicaciones, las redes de colaboración en las que participan sus autores y las líneas de investigación que aparecen como emergentes o todavía poco desarrolladas. Los resultados revelan patrones de convergencia y divergencia temática entre regiones, así como vacíos críticos de investigación en el contexto latinoamericano. Este diagnóstico bibliométrico proporciona evidencia útil para orientar las agendas científicas regionales, fortalecer la colaboración internacional y guiar futuras investigaciones hacia áreas estratégicamente relevantes, pero aún poco exploradas en el ámbito de la ciberseguridad.
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