Espirales Revista Multidisciplinaria de investigación

Didactic Adaptations for Teaching Mathematics to Students with Specific Educational Needs in the Ninth Year of General Basic Education

Diego Fernando Zavala Urquizo — 2025-02-10

Specific Educational Needs (SEN) pose a challenge in teaching
mathematics, especially in the Ninth Year of General Basic Education
(GBE), where students face difficulties that impact their learning. This
study analyzes the relationship between SEN and the mathematics
teaching-learning process, aiming to design didactic strategies that
enhance educational inclusion. Using a mixed-method approach,
data was collected from teachers and students through surveys and
interviews, evaluating the influence of pedagogical strategies on
academic performance. The results indicate that the lack of teacher
training in inclusive education and the absence of adapted materials
hinder mathematics instruction for students with SEN. However, the
implementation of differentiated methodologies and interactive tools
significantly improves mathematical concept comprehension and
student performance. As part of the proposal, a methodological
guide with adapted activities was developed to facilitate mathematics
teaching for this student group. The study concludes that inclusive
mathematics education requires specific strategies that promote
equity and access to learning for all students

Ergonomic factors and their relationship with musculoskeletal disorders in nursing personnel in Latin America

Ninfa Geovanna Yanez Barragan — 2025-01-30

This study analyzes the ergonomic factors that contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in nursing personnel in Latin America, through a systematic literature review covering research published between 2020 and 2024 in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and SciELO. Manual mobilization of patients, prolonged awkward postures and repetitive movements were identified as the main risks, linked to a high prevalence of MSDs in regions such as the lumbar, cervical and upper extremities. The results show that these conditions are a direct consequence of the high physical load associated with nursing work.

Diagnosis of Seismic Vulnerability in Residential Buildings in the Parroquias Pedro Carbo and Rocafuerte, Guayaquil, Applying the FEMA P-154 Methodology

Franklin Parra — 2025-02-13

This study evaluates the seismic vulnerability of buildings in Guayaquil, a city located on the Pacific Ring of Fire and therefore prone to earthquakes. Using the FEMA P-154 method, 168 buildings in the urban parishes of Pedro Carbo and Rocafuerte were inspected. Most of the structures evaluated (91%) were moment-resisting concrete frames. Older buildings, built before the implementation of modern seismic codes, showed higher vulnerability. The parameters considered included construction material, height, age, structural configuration, soil condition and maintenance. Buildings with S values between 0.3 and 0.7 were found to have a high probability of severe damage. The most vulnerable buildings were the Hotel Patrimonial, Hotel Manso Boutique and Hotel Perla Central. Solutions such as the use of carbon fiber, column jacketing and improved structural connections were proposed to mitigate these risks. Most of the buildings present high seismic vulnerability, with "El Gran Pasaje" being the most vulnerable. It is crucial to perform detailed inspections and reinforce old structures to reduce seismic risks in Guayaquil.

Strategies for Teaching Mathematics to Students with Specific Educational Needs in the Eighth Year of General Basic Education

Edwin Vinicio Lozano — 2025-02-10

Inclusive education seeks to ensure equitable access to education, especially for students with Specific Educational Needs (SEN) not associated with a disability, such as those in vulnerable situations due to catastrophic diseases. This research analyzes the relationship between SEN and the teaching-learning process of mathematics in the eighth year of General Basic Education (EGB). A quali-quantitative approach is adopted, with a non-experimental and correlational design, using Pearson's coefficient to measure the relationship between the variables. One of the main findings is the lack of preparation and specific tools for teachers to adapt the curriculum to the needs of these students. To address this problem, a dynamic and interactive methodological guide is proposed to facilitate the teaching of basic operations of whole numbers (Z) to students with SEN. This guide seeks not only to improve student learning, but also to optimize teacher planning time and promote an inclusive and equitable mathematics education. The results suggest the need to develop complementary strategies and more guides at different educational levels and areas of knowledge. It is recommended that educational institutions implement teacher training programs in inclusive education, thus promoting better practices for teaching mathematics in contexts of vulnerability and inequality. It is recommended that educational institutions implement teacher training programs in inclusive education, thus promoting better practices for teaching mathematics in vulnerable contexts.

Current Analysis of Monkeypox: Global Dynamics, Transmission, and Health Responses

Maika Koya Quinatoa Tamami — 2025-01-30

Monkeypox, caused by the Monkeypox virus, is a zoonotic disease first identified in Africa in 1958. In recent years, it has transitioned from an endemic disease in Central and West Africa to a global concern due to outbreaks in non-endemic regions such as Europe, the Americas, and Asia. This study examines the recent evolution of monkeypox, focusing on its epidemiological changes, transmission mechanisms, and implemented control strategies. A systematic review of scientific literature published in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and Google Scholar was conducted. The findings are organized into three main areas: (1) epidemiology, highlighting the increase in cases in non-endemic regions; (2) transmission, emphasizing human-to-human spread through close contact and specific networks; and (3) control strategies, including informational campaigns, contact tracing, and vaccination. The results underscore the importance of strengthening global epidemiological surveillance and designing non-stigmatizing interventions that account for the social dynamics and transmission patterns of the virus. This analysis provides valuable insights for preventing the global spread of monkeypox and minimizing its public health impacts.